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小编: 882吴红燕老师
10月深圳地区阅读权威预测,9月机经
2012年9月22日雅思阅读机经
考试日期:2012年9月22日
Reading Passage 1
Title:The Effects of Media on Children’s Communication
Question types:Summary with a box
TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN
文章内容回顾这篇主要讲Media对孩子的communication的影响,研究从access, understanding, innovation三个方面展开
英文原文阅读SOCIAL MEDIA USE BY TWEENS AND TEENS
Engaging in various forms of social media is a routine activity that research has shown to benefit
children and adolescents by enhancing communication, social connection, and even technical skills.
Social media sites such as Facebook and MySpace offer multiple daily opportunities for connecting
with friends, classmates, and people with shared interests. During the last 5 years, the number of
preadolescents and adolescents using such sites has increased dramatically. According to a recent
poll, 22% of teenagers log on to their favorite social media site more than 10 times a day, and
more than half of adolescents log on to a social media site more than once a day. Seventy-five
percent of teenagers now own cell phones, and 25% use them for social media, 54% use them for
texting, and 24% use them for instant messaging.Thus, a large part of this generation's social
and emotional development is occurring while on the Internet and on cell phones.
Because of their limited capacity for self-regulation and susceptibility to peer pressure,
children and adolescents are at some risk as they navigate and experiment with social media.
Recent research indicates that there are frequent online expressions of offline behaviors,
such as bullying, cliqueforming, and sexual experimentation, that have introduced problems
such as cyberbullying, privacy issues, and “sexting.” Other problems that merit awareness
include Internet addiction and concurrent sleep deprivation.
Many parents today use technology incredibly well and feel comfortable and capable with the
programs and online venues that their children and adolescents are using. Nevertheless,
some parents may find it difficult to relate to their digitally savvy youngsters online
for several reasons. Such parents may lack a basic understanding of these new forms of
socialization, which are integral to their children's lives. They frequently do not have
the technical abilities or time needed to keep pace with their children in the ever-changing Internet landscape. In addition, these parents often lack a basic understanding
that kids' online lives are an extension of their offline lives. The end result is often
a knowledge and technical skill gap between parents and youth, which creates a disconnect
in how these parents and youth participate in the online world together
BENEFITS OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS USING SOCIAL MEDIA
Socialization and Communication
Social media sites allow teens to accomplish online many of the tasks
that are important to them offline: staying connected with friends and
family, making new friends, sharing pictures, and exchanging ideas. Social
media participation also can offer adolescents deeper benefits that extend
into their view of self, community, and the world, including:
opportunities for community engagement through raising money for charity and
volunteering for local events, including political and philanthropic events;
enhancement of individual and collective creativity through development and
sharing of artistic and musical endeavors;
growth of ideas from the creation of blogs, podcasts, videos, and gaming sites;
expansion of one's online connections through shared interests to include others
from more diverse backgrounds (such communication is an important step for all
adolescents and affords the opportunity for respect, tolerance, and increased
discourse about personal and global issues); And fostering of one's individual
identity and unique social skills.Enhanced Learning Opportunities
Middle and high school students are using social media to connect with one
another on homework and group projects. For example, Facebook and similar
social media programs allow students to gather outside of class to collaborate
and exchange ideas about assignments. Some schools successfully use blogs as
teaching tools, which has the benefit of reinforcing skills in English, written
expression, and creativity. Accessing Health InformationAdolescents are finding that
they can access online information about their health concerns easily and anonymously.
Excellent health resources are increasingly available to youth on a variety of topics
of interest to this population, such as sexually transmitted infections, stress reduction,
and signs of depression. Adolescents with chronic illnesses can access Web sites through
which they can develop supportive networks of people with similar conditions. The mobile
technologies that teens use daily, namely cell phones, instant messaging, and text messaging,
have already produced multiple improvements in their health care, such as increased medication
adherence, better disease understanding, and fewer missed appointments. Given that the new social
media venues all have mobile applications, teenagers will have enhanced opportunities to learn about
their health issues and communicate with their doctors. However, because of their young age, adolescents
can encounter inaccuracies during these searches and require parental involvement to be sure they are
using reliable online resources, interpreting the information correctly, and not becoming overwhelmed
by the information they are reading. Encouraging parents to ask about their children's and adolescents'
online searches can help facilitate not only discovery of this information but discussion on these topics.
题型难度分析据考生回忆,第一篇很简单。一种是填空类的题型,另一种是考生易拿分的经典题型判断题。
题型技巧分析是非无判断题是雅思考试阅读的经典题型,虽然今年的题量相对减少,但是仍是复习备考时应关注的题型。
首先应该注意看清是TRUE还是YES, 本篇是TRUE FALSE NOT GIVEN
解题步骤:
1. 速读问题的句子,找出考点词(容易有问题的部分)。考点词:比较级,最高级,数据(时间),程度副词,特殊形容词,绝对化的词(only, most, each, any, every, the same as等)
2. 排除考点词,在余下的词中找定位词,去原文定位。
3. 重点考察考点词是否有提及,是否正确。
TRUE的原则是同义替换,至少有一组近义词。
FALSE是题目和原文截然相反,不可共存,通常有至少一组反义词。
NOT GIVEN原文未提及,不做任何推断,尤其多考察题目的主语等名词在原文是否有提及。
Summary题,有顺序原则。
先关注instruction字数限制
其次,定位summary在原文的始末位置,summary开头和结尾分别找keywords定位到原文。
根据空格前后信息,预测空格上的单词(单复数,可数与否,词性,-ing, -ed, 固定搭配等)
在空格附近找定位词(专有名词,数字,句子主语,表示方位的介词,表时间的词,不认识的可数名词)
剑桥雅思推荐原文练习剑4 Test1 Passage1
剑5 Test3 Passage1
Reading Passage 2
Title:日本工艺品的发展史 Japanese Ceramics/Wares
Question types:List of headings
填空题
文章内容回顾这篇是讲日本陶瓷的历史和发展,提及了这门技术的保存,创造过程,技术发展的多样化,政府对其的认可,手工匠的教育和培训以及他们的贡献和影响。
英文原文阅读Japan Ceramics
One of Japan's oldest art forms, ceramics, reaches back to the Neolithic period (ca. 10,000 B.C.),
when the earliest soft earthenware was coilmade, decorated by handimpressed rope patterns (Jomon ware),
and baked in the open. Continental emigrants of the third century B.C. introduced the use of the wheel
along with the metal age (Yayoi), and eventually (in the third to fourth centuries A.D.), a tunnel kiln
in which stoneware fired at high temperatures embellished with natural ash glaze was produced. Medieval
kilns enabled more refined production of stoneware, which was still produced in the late twentieth century
at a few famous sites, especially in central Honshu around the city of Seto, the wares of which were so widelyused
that Seto-mono became the generic term for ceramics in Japan. The overlord Toyotomi Hideyoshi's Korean campaigns of
the late sixteenth century were dubbed the "ceramic wars," since the importation of Korean potters appeared to be the
Koreans' major contribution. These potters introduced a variety of new techniques and styles in their artifacts that
were greatly admired for the tea ceremony. They also discovered in northern Kyushu the proper ingredients needed to
produce porcelain and were soon dazzling the guests at daimyo banquets with the first Japanese-made porcelain (see Ashikaga Bakufu , ch. 1).
The modern masters of these famous traditional kilns still bring the ancient formulas in pottery and porcelain to new
heights of achievement at Shiga, Ige, Karatsu, Hagi, and Bizen. Yamamoto Masao of Bizen and Miwa Kyusetsu of Hagi were
designated as mukei bunkazai. Only halfdozen potters were so honored by 1989 either as representatives of famous
kiln wares or as creators of superlative techniques in glazing or decoration; two groups were designated for preserving
the wares of distinguished ancient kilns. In the old capital of Kyoto, the Raku family continued to produce the famous
rough tea bowls that had so delighted Hideyoshi. At Mino, continued to be made to reconstruct the classic formulas of Momoyama-era Seto-type tea wares at Mino, such as the famous Oribe copper-green glaze and Shino ware's prized milky glaze. Artist potters experimented endlessly at the Kyoto and Tokyo arts universities
to recreate traditional porcelain and its decorations under such outstanding ceramic teachers as Fujimoto Yoshimichi, a mukei bunkazai.
Ancient porcelain kilns around Arita in Kyushu were still maintained by the lineage of the famous Sakaida Kakiemon XIV and Imaizume
Imaiemon XIII, hereditary porcelain makers to the Nabeshima clan; both were heads of groups designated mukei bunkazai.
By the end of the 1980s, many master potters no longer worked at major or ancient kilns, but were
making classic wares in various parts of Japan or in Tokyo, a notable example being Tsuji Seimei, who
brought his clay from Shiga but potted in the Tokyo area. A number of artists were engaged in reconstructing
famous Chinese styles of decoration or glazes, especially the blue-green celadon and the watery-green qingbai. One of the most beloved Chinese glazes in Japan is the chocolate-brown tenmoku glaze that covered the peasant tea bowls brought back from Southern Song China (in the
twelfth and thirteenth centuries) by Zen monks. For their Japanese users, these chocolate-brown wares
embodied the Zen aesthetic of wabi (rustic simplicity).
Interest in the humble art of the village potter was revived in a folk movement of the 1920s by such
master potters as Hamada Shoji and Kawai Kanjiro. These artists studied traditional glazing techniques
to preserve native wares in danger of disappearing. The kilns at Tamba, overlooking Kobe. A number of
institutions came under the aegis of the Cultural Properties Protection Division.be, continued to produce
the daily wares used in the Tokugawa period, while adding modern shapes. Most of the village wares were
made anonymously by local potters for utilitarian purposes. Local styles, whether native or imported,
tended to be continued without alteration into the present. In Kyushu, kilns set up by Korean potters
in the sixteenth century, such as at Koishibara and its offshoot at Onta, perpetuated sixteenth-century
Korean peasant wares. In Okinawa, the production of village ware continued under several leading masters,
with Kaneshiro Jiro honored as a mukei bunkazai
题型难度分析第一种题型是给段落配标题,考察大意,相对来说较细节题要难些,做题时要对每个段落的大意掌握。第二种题型是多选题,也是相对较难的题型。第三种题型是填空而且是针对制作过程的填空,因此相对较容易。
题型技巧分析Heading题
首先要注意该题位于文章的前面,不要在考试中漏做或是做错文章。
做题步骤:
1. 划去example选项,在list of headings中对例子中的标题划去,以及在文章中把段落划去。
2. 通读剩下headings, 划出关键词,名词为主。
3. 略读每段,读首句和尾句。首句读完如遇到转折类的词汇如but, however, 要接着读下一句。
4 将很有把握的段落先配好,然后再看其他段落。
同时,如果这个段落有多次提到某个标题中的关键词,也可以确定此标题为这段的大意概括。
剑桥雅思推荐原文练习剑7 Test2 Passage1
Reading Passage 3
Title:环保节能车 Hybrid Cars
Question types:Multiple choice
Summary with a box
YES/NO/NOT GIVEN
文章内容回顾讲环保汽车-混合动力车的制作,提及福特公司,产品上市前要全面检测产品
英文原文阅读Hybrid cars are often known as "cars of the era." The main feature of the hybrid car is that
when we start the car engine, electrical energy is used. This way it helps in keeping a tab on the
tail pipe emissions. The use of automobiles is increasing in every part of the globe and so is the
threat of toxic pollutants and global warming, thanks to their exhaust ingredients. But if we are
using a hybrid car the decrease in the tail pipe emission will do a great service to the environment and society.
Hybrid Cars use a rechargeable energy storage system to supplement fossil fuel energy for vehicle
propulsion. Hybrid engines are smaller and more efficient than traditional fuel engines. Some hybrid
vehicles use regenerative braking to generate electricity while travelling. The term "Hybrid Vehicle
" can also refer to a vehicle engine that uses a combination of different fuels such as petroleum and
ethanol. The articles on this page are on the topic of Hybrid vehicles and related technologies.
The latest generation of hybrid cars will be blessed with revolutionary fuel cells developed by Monash
University scientists that can make hybrid cars more reliable and cheaper to produce. This breakthrough
was published on August 1, 2008 in the Science Journal. The key component in the latest design of these fuel cells is Goretex(R), which a specially-coated form of popular hi tech outdoor and sporting clothing material.
题型难度分析第一个题型有三个单选题,做题时定位词不明显,用名词定位。第二个题型是六个带词库的摘要总结题,难度一般。最后一个题型是判断,位于试卷的后面一页,有些考生回忆到马上交试卷的时候才发现导致没做完。
题型技巧分析Summary题型在阅读中是填空题型中的一种,是主流题型。
按照范围,这类题可分成全文题和段落题,按照填空内容,summary也可分原文原词或从多个选项中选词。原文原词的题目要求中会有from the Reading Passage的字样。从多个选项中选词,选项的数目常常超过题目空格的数目。一般有选项类的summary各项之间极有可能乱序,而不像原文原词类的summary大多按顺序出题。
下面我们来看看解题步骤:
(1)仔细读summary的第一句话,找出它在原文中的出处,通常是和原文某段话的第一句相对应。如果题目要求中已经指出了summary的出处,则此步可以略去不做。
(2)注意空格前后的词,到原文中去找这些词的对应词。
对应词的特点如下:
A. 原词,这种可能性不大,如果有,也往往出现在一套题三篇阅读的第一篇中。
B. 词性变化,也即为同根词转化。
C. 语态变化,主动变被动,在近年的各次考试中,这种变化比较普遍。
D. 同义词,如空格前的词为develop, 原文中的词为produce, 两个词在雅思考试中,都常考研发的意思。
(3)利用排除法,把summary每一个对应词在原文中的映射划去,基本上,原文那一句就不剩几个词了,根据词性把剩下的词挑出来就好。
(4)注意语法和逻辑,所填答案必须符合语法规定,填上的词,也要配合原文读读,看看逻辑上是不是说得通。
TIPS:
1. 注意题目要求中是否有字数限制。
若要求从原文选词或自己写词,会有字数要求,如Use ONE OR TWO WORDS等,答案必须满足这个要求。
2. 若从原文选词,只能选原文中连续的几个词,不能改变它们的顺序。如原文为virgin fiber, 答案不可能是fiber virgin。原文为advances in the technology,答案不可能是technology advances。
3. 若要求从原文选词,越是生词,越可能是答案。
下列比较生僻的词如sustainable(可持续的)、biodegradable(可生物降解的)、contaminants(废物,杂物)、nostrils(鼻孔)都是一些题目的答案。
4. 从选项中选词,要注意看题目要求是写答案本身,还是写选项前的代表字母。
选项前有代表字母的,肯定是要求答代表字母。最近的考试中,选项前大部分都有代表字母。
5. 从选项中选词,答案与原文的六大对应关系。
(1)原文原词:与原文完全相同的词或短语。
(2)词性变化:原文为necessary, 是形容词,选项为necessity,是名词。
(3)语态变化:原文为Governments have encouraged waste paper collection and sorting schemes, 是主动语态。summary中的句子为people have also been encouraged by government to collect their waste on a regular basis, 是被动语态。
(4)图表:如果原文中有图表,一般会有一题答案来自图表。
(5)同义词:原文为tight, 选项为restricted, 是同义词。
(6)归纳:有时文中没有直接提及,须从几句话中归纳出答案。一般比较难,目前考试中,至少有一个空格是归纳出来的。
6. 从选项中选词,如果时间不够,可以直接从选项中选择,不看原文。这时,要特别注意语法,这样做的准确性50%左右(视题目的难易及考生的水平而定)。所以,除非时间不够,否则不建议大家这样做。
7. 如果要求自己写词,答案绝大部分是原文原词,少部分是对原文原词做的形式上的修改。要求自己写词的机率很小。
剑桥雅思推荐原文练习剑3 Test4 Passage1
考试趋势分析和备考指导:
从这次考试的题型来看,前几个月常考的配对题型这次考试较少,只有一个段落配标题。较多的题型是文章摘要题型和判断题,因此从题型上看,这次考试不算特别难。同时,summary题型也一直是主流题型,而这次的摘要题都为有选项的摘要题,判断题虽然今年以来的数量在减少,但是除了只有三月份的一次没有出现判断外,其他的每次考试都有,而且这次考试出现了两组。因此学员在复习备考时也不能对此种题型放松。除此之外,另外一种题型—选择题也是这次考试的主要题型,这种题型一直也是今年考试的重点,尤其是以单选题为主。
从话题角度看,这三篇文章的话题应该都不是很陌生,关于小孩,日本以及环保的内容的文章在剑桥雅思真题中都是可以找到相应文章的,仍旧建议学员对剑桥雅思真题4-8认真做,每篇文章进行略读,看段落首尾句,抓住重心。